Starting device for explosion-engines.



v H. 0. BAILEY. STARTING DEVICE FOR. EXPLOSION ENGINES. v

Arruonxon nun JULY 12, 1901.

Patnted May 4,1909.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

H. G. BAILEY. STARTING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 12, 1907.

PatentedMaQy 4, 1909.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H. c. BAILEY. STARTING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES.

1 0 APPLIOATIQN FILED JULY 12, 1907- Patented May 4:

5 SHEBTS-SHEET 3.

H. C. BAILEY.

STARTING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 12, 1907.

920,41 1 Patented May 4, 1-909.

5 SHEBTSSHEET 4.

, i am 11.,0. BAILEY. STARTING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES.

LPPL'IOATION FILED JULY 12, 1907.

Patented May 4, 1909.

5 sums-sum 5.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

HOWARD BAILEY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO ELSIE L. BAILEY,

OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

STARTING- DIEVICE FDR EXPLOfi-BION-ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 4, 1909.

- Application flied July-12, 1907.. Serial No. 383,463.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, IIOWARD C. BAILEY, a

citizen .ofthe United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain improvements in Starting Devices for Explosion-Engines, of which the following is a specification;

One 0 ject of my invention is to provide a device whereby with the expenditure of but little physical exertion it shall be possible to give to an explosion engine the partial revolution necessary to cause itto start; it being particularly desired that the device shall be relatively simple and uncomplicated, as well as of such a nature as to be conveniently operated from the drivers seat when emp oyed in connection with a motor vehicle.

.1 further desire to provide a device for starting explosion engines whereby simultaneously the movement of'the crank shaft of the engine shall open the relief valve or valves in the engine cylinders in order to permit the further operation of the device necessary to properly start the engine@ These and other advantageous ends I attain as hereinafter set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1, is a side elevation illustrating my invention as applied to a two cylinder engine, therebeing omitted from said figure a portion of the mechanism connected with the operating lever; Fig. 2, is a plan of the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1; Fig. 3, is an end elevation; Figs. 4, 5., and 6, are. side elevations of one form of valve mechanism which may be used in connection with my invention, illustrating the various parts in the positions occupied at certain times during the operation of my device; Fig. 7, is a side elevation illustrating another form of valve which may be employed; Fig. 8, is a perspective" view of the holding latch and its associated parts; Figs. 9 andlO, are

vertical sections illustrating that part; of the device shown in said latter figure; Fig. 14,

is-an-end elevation of the structure shownin Fig. 13, and Fig. 15, is a plan of the notched segment for holding the operating lever.

, In the above drawings A and A represent :the two cylinders of an engine whose main shaft is shown at B. Said shaft passes through a radiator C and has an independent section B which may be connected to it under certain conditions of'operation by an automatic clutch mechanism 1). While said mechanism may beof any desired construc tion, it is preferably made asdescribed and illustrated in an ap lication for U. S. Patent filed by me under ate of May 18, 1907, Serial Number.374,'508; its parts being so arranged that as long-as the speed of the main part of the shaft is in excess of thatv of the section B, said two sections are operatively independent of each other. When, however, the speed of the section B of the shaft is greater than the speed of the main shaft, then said clutch will automatically couple the two shaft sections so that the main part may be turned from saidv section B. This latter part of the shaft is provided with an enlarged end I) having an irregular recess for the reception of the similarly shaped end b of the well known starting crank b and in addition has loosely mounted on it a pulley Wheel D. Said wheel carries one or more pawls d so placed as to engage the teeth of a ratchet wheel at fixed in any desired manner to the shaft section B and in addition has attached to it one end of a spring (1 whose opposite end is fixed to a bracket (1 secured to one of the shaft bearings d Said. spring is so designed that the wheel. 1) and with it the shaft section B is free to turn through an arc of about 270, though it cannot get beyond this and is always returned to a certain definite position by nicans of said spring. The pawls d and ratchet d permit turning of the wheel D in but one directign relatively to the shaft section B. The pulley whorl is preferably grooved as indicated and has fixed to it one end of a wire rope or cable so arranged that when the wheel is in its normal position under the action of the spring said cable is wound in the groove of the wheel to an extent preferably not less than 180 of the circumference of the wheel. I

A hand or operating lever l) is provulcd and is so placed that when my dev ce is .u. h plied to the engine of a motor vclnclc. said present instance so as to slide within a casing.

lever will extend adjacent, to the drivers seat; it being fixed to a transverse shaft 45', which, in the present instance, is provided with a projecting arm indicated at e in Fig. 1 This latter arni is connected to one end of a link e whose opposite end is pivotally attached to a block or cross head or in the N supported in any desired manner. With in and having its ends respectively fastenedto one end of the casing and to the block or'. cross head, is a spring n which is in a'normal or unstretched condition when the arm e and the link e" are so movedas to lie practically; in the same straight line and act as a toggleI- When, however, the lever E is in its forward position, the toggle' formed by the arm and,

the link is broken and said spring n is under" so attached through alink etto one end of a coiled spring tension. The cross head It is a e and the second end of this spring is connected to some point on a lever at f to anysuitable supportmg structure a. and having its free end connected in the res ent instance to one end of the rope or ca le e. l

Under the's ring a is mounted another lever G fulcrume at g to a suitable support-(not shown) and having one of its arms g extended so as to. be capable of engagement with a cam e preferably attached to the link 0" which connects said spring a with. the cross ment under the action of the spring a until 'this latter has been stretched to a predetermined extent, when said latch is so moved on its pivot to cause it to discharge or release said lever F. v

--When the variousparts of the device are at restin the. normal positions shown, and it isdesired to start the engine,'the movement of the lever E in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 1, will, through the medium of the arm 0 link a cross head n and link e, put the -sprin 0 under tension, the work of moving said ever F being reduced to a certain extent by the spring a The stretching of the spring e would ordinarily at once cause a.

' pull to be exerted on the rope 42 but owing to the fact that the latch g is so constructed as to normally engage and hold'the ,leve'r F stationary, the above described movement of the lever E merely stretches the spring e to a predetermined extent. When finally the link 0 with the cam e has been'moved for a sufiicient distance, it so moves the lever G as to cause it to actuate the latch g, therefulcrumed by making this latter disengage the lever F which is then'free to move in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 2, under action of the s ring e Thismovement results in a sud en, relatively powerful, turning 'efl'ortbeing exertedon the wheel D through the rope or cable e and'inasmuch as the two sections. of the engine shaft are coupled through the engine; Thereafter the operation of, the

engine causes said main section of the shaft to "be turned at a high speed so; that the I clutch I) automatically disconnects said part of the shaft-i from the section B. The lever .E is now pnshed forward or returned to itsv clutch b,;the main section 'is given a. sudden turn sufiicientto start the'operation of the normal position and'the spring 12. is stretched while thespring (1 which by the movement of the wheel D in starting the engine, was wound; now unwinds,ther'eby movin said whelD and its associated parts-tower their normal positions until the ages the lever F so as to, hold in the positions illustrated.

It is obvious that in small engines, the

the apparatus above described'operation can be easily car-- I ried out in spite of theQcompression which occurs in the cylinder or cylinders of the on gine. For high power engines, however, it.

is desirable, and in some-cases -n'ecessary, to, automatically rehevethe' excessive compres:

sion in the cylinders and for this purpose 1 provide means whereby, relief valves are au tomatically opened in the enginecylinders so as to permit of the preliminary turning of the engine shaft necessary in start he device is so constructed, howeven t atsaid relief valves are automaticalIQlosed-assoon as the engine is started, or toi'aute matically operate. Forv the purpose of ao'eli;

tuating the relief valves, Iiprovidefon the shaft e a second lever arm 6* and connect it through a link e to one arm of "a-,' lever H, whose other arm is positively oonnectedto a' longitudinally movablebar or rod 11/ extending alongside of'the cylinders of the en gine. As illustrated in Figs. 4 to 6 inclusive,

the bar it has movable cams h? pivotally con nected to it. at la so 'as tobe free to swing in a vertical lane. Adjacent to eachcam there is on the ar 71/ a pin or'projection h whereby revolution ofthe 1 adjacent cam upon its ivot is prevented beyond a certain point.

ach cylinder has a relief valve structure K and to the valve itself (not' shown) is fixed an arm is, preferably having .an anti-friction roller 7c at its outer end. A s iral or other suitable spring 1: is so attache to the valve through said arm that it tends to normallymaintain it in a closed position, as illustrated in Figs. 4 and '6; being sufliciently owerful to move the arm into this position rom the open position. x 1

Each valve structure K is proyided with a "pair of brackets or lugs k serving as guides for a vertically movable bar 7r which serves to support an inverted cu -shaped head k immediately over the out st of the valve.

Said bar is enlarged at its lower end as indiengine as above described, it will be seen that it moves longitudinally the rodh and thereby causes. the various parts co-acting with it to move from their normalpositions illustrated in Fig. 6. That is to say, the movement of the rod it in the direction of the arrow at once brings the sloping side or edge k of the cams k against the pins or lugs k of v the rods k" and inasmuch as the pins h are so placedaon said rod h as to prevent turning of the cams beyond the position shown in l 'ig.

6, each rod k is forced down by reason of said inclinededge of the cam acting on its pin is. This downward movement causes a turning of the relief valves so as to open them; the j springs k being at'the same time wound up or .placed.under stress. By the time, there fore that there would ordinarily be such an amount of "compression in the cylinders as? would render the manual turning of the-enme shaft extremely difiicult, the various reief valves are opened sufficiently to permit.

the escape of a portion of the com ressed' gas or Vapor, when the wheel D is fina ly turned there being, however, sufficient gas still re--- maining in the cylinders to start the engine-v #5 as soon as it is exploded the igniting device. When therefore, the engine begins its automatic operation, the first explosion in each cylinder causes a more or less strong puff of gas to be delivered throughthe relief valve against the underside of its cup-shaped head 7: and this has suflicient power to force the structure upwardly and with it the rod is 'so that the spring 10 is free, t6 automatio ally turn its valve to the closed position. Thereafter the engine is at liberty to operate in the normal manner. The movement of the rod h in the direction of the arrow, Fig.

' 4, when the lever E is returned to its normalforward position, causes the various'carns to be drawn over the ins k of the rods 7c-without depressing the atter; since said cams are free to turn on their pivots into the positions illustrated in the last named figure. The

continued movement of the rod h finally causes the, varibu's cares to drop 01f of the pins 7L and resume positionsapproximating that illustrated'in Fig. 6'.

It is obvious that other devices for relie'ving the compression of the cylinders, when it" is desired to start the engine, may be substituted for those shown in Figs. 1, 4-, 5 and 6, without departing from my invention; for example, in Fig. 7, I have shown another form of automatic valve which may accomplish the desired results. In this figure the stein m of the valve proper has fixed to it a toothed segment m meshing with a second toothed segment m fixed to a spindle m A lever having an inverted cup-shaped arm m is also fixed to this spindle in such manner that said arm will .be immediately over the outlet of the valve structure K. By any desired means the various parts of this device ma when it is desired to start the engine, be hrought' into the positions illustrated and therefore the first explosion which takes place causes gas to be forcibly delivered to the cup-shaped arm m so as to turn the spindle m and with it the segment m The segment m is therefore necessarily "turned through an angle of about 90, and the relief valve is thereby closed.

In Fig. 11, I have illustrated a modified form of the device for holding the spring e until it has been put under sufiicient stress or tensiOnto properly start the engine. For

- this purpose. I attach the rear end of the spring to the link e*-as originally, but in this instance extend said link through the spring and some distance beyond the end thereof and provide said link with a conical-shaped head e". The front end of this spring is fixed in any desired manner to a sleeve or collar p provided with a flange p. For the purpose of holding said sprih I provide a plurality oflatches p pivoting t ese to some cross structure of the motor vehicle such as the front axle indicated at a Said latches are preferably held to ether by a small tension s I ring 3 and maye provided with lugs p paced tb be engaged the conical'head a", when the spring e has been stretched to a predetermined point. Under these conditions said head forces apartlthe two latches p and at the predetermined time causes their hooked ends to disengage the flange 12 of the'sleeve p. The springs e being then released'exert' the necessary unwinding force on the rope or cable e, which is attached toit in any desired inanner. j

It is conceivable that in the case of 'relatively small, single cylinder engines the springs a might be dis ensed with, together with the levers Rand (E: and their associated parts. In such a case the link 6 would be connected directly to one end of the cable 6 and in startingthe engine it would be necessary to give a relatively sudden movement to the operating lever E.

In that form of my invention illustrated in Figs. 12 to 14 inclusive, I have connected the spring (2 betweenthe link a and the rear axle Q and have otherwise simplified the apparatus connected thereto. Inthis case the operating lever has a downwardly extending portione to the end of which is pivoted a hooked catch 9. This catch has projecting from either side a roller and is designed to engage with a projection or abutment g on the linke. A spring a" has one end connected to the downwardly extending art a of the lever E'and its other end-fixe to any desired support so as to fulfil the function performed 'by the spring a in that form of my device shownin-Figs. '9 andiO. As shown in Figs. '13 and 14 a air of cams s are an ported on each side of t e links e and exten upwardly 'so as to be engaged b the rollers g on-the foatch g? whenever the atter is moved toward t0 the front for a suflicient distance. These cams in the present instance form part of a structure S, which may be supported in any desired manner. Under operating conditions 4. when it is desired to start the engine, the 15 upper art of the lever E is inoved as before towar ,the'rear, and the catch 9 having been moved into engagement with the projection g on'the link e, the spring e is put under stress or stretched when the movement of the lever causes said link to be moved forwardly. The spring d in this case is arranged to cause revolution of the wheel D so as to take up the slack in the flexible connection or cable e,

' until when the operating lever has been sufiioiently moved," the rollers g ride upon the cams s, thereby turning the catch 9 on its pivot and finally freeing its hooked end from the vprojection g after'the spring e has been sufficiently stressed. The sudden return of 30. this spring to its normal position then starts the engine,'as before described. As heretofore noted, the spring n? assists the movement of the operating lever E and in order that this latter maybe maintained in any notche or toothed segment t, which ,is mounted concentrically with the fulcrum e of said lever, andprovide this latter with a tooth t placed to co-act with said'segment.

1. The combinationwith an explosive engine, of a spring, means for placing said spring under stress, and means for automatically causing the spring to start the engine when it has been stressed to a redeterrnined extent, substantially as descri eds I. I

2. The combination with an explosiveengine, of a spring, hand operated means for lacing said sexing under'stress, and means or causing the spring to start the engine when it hasbeen stressedto a predetermined extent, substantially asdescribed. 4 3. The combination with an explosive engine, of a s ring, hand operated means for placing sai spring under stress, and auto-' matic means for causing the springto start the engine when said spring has been stressed to a predetermined extent, substantially as described. 4 6o 4. The combination with an explosive engine, of a tension spring, means for stretching 7 said spring, and means for causing the spring to start the engine after such stretching has reached apredetermined peint, substantially as described.

desired osition when not in use I provide the of the spring and the pulley, a latch forhold cam so as'to operate the latch to-release the stantially as described.

5. The combination with an explosive engine, of a spring, means for stretching said spring, and automatic means for causing the spring to start the engine after such stretching has reached a predetermined point; substantially as descri ed. I

6. The combination with an explosive engine, of a sprin having one end connected to the engine sha t, means for holding said end of the s ring, means for lacing stress on the. spring. rorn its other en and meansfor releasing the previously. held end after the spring has beenstressed to a predetermined I extent, substantially as described.

7. The combination with an explosion engine, of a pulley connected to the shaft thereof, a spring, a flexible connection capable of being wound 'upon'the pulley and having one end connected to one end of the spring, a device -for holding said end to the spring, and means for stretching the spring, withn device for automatically releasing the held ehd of the spring after the latter has been stretched to a redetermined point, substantially as descrih ed.

8.. The combination with an ex iosion engine, of a pulley connected to the s aft of the same, a spring, a flexible connectionbetween one end of the spring and the pulley, a latch for holding the said end of the spring from movement, an operating lever connected to the opposite end of the spring, with a device for movingsaid latch to release the held end of the s ring after the lever has been moved to a predetermined point ,substantially as described. H

9. The combination with an ex losion engine, of a pulley on the shaft oft esame, a spring, a flexible connection between one end ing said end of the spring from movement, an operating lever connected to the opposlte end ot the spring, a. cam actuated by the lever,

and a structure placed to be engaged by said 110 held-end of the spring when the lever has been moved to a'predetermined position, sub- 10. The combination with an explosion engine having its shaft in a plurality of sections, 1 15 of a clutch capable of connecting said sec tibns under predetermined conditions, a spring connected to one of the sections of the engine shaft, means for placing the spring un' derstress,'and means for causing said spring" 120 to automatic-allyexert a turning force upon the section of shaft to which it is connected after it has been stretched to a predetermined extent, substantially-asdescribed.

ii. The combination with an explosion .en-' gine having a section of its shaft independent of the remainder of a clutch capable of connecting said inde endent section with the remainder of'the s aft under predetermined.

conditions, apuiley on said. section, a 'spring lilof tending to maintain said pulley in a predetermined position,'a second spring opera-- tively connected to the pulley, means for placing said second spring under stress, and

means for causing the second spring to automatically' exert a turning force upon the pulley only after it has been stressed to a redetermined point,,substantially as descri ed.

12. The combination with an engine having a section of its shaft independent of the remainder, a clutch capable of connecting said independentsection with the remainder of the shaft under predetermined conditions, a pulley on said section, a spring tending to maintain said pulley in a predetermined position, a second spring operatively c'onnected to the pulley, means for placing the latter spring under stress, means for causing the said second spring to automatically exert a turning force upon the pulley only after it has been stressed to a predetermined point, and a device for preventing the revolution of the pulley in one direction relatively to one of the shaft sections, substantially as described' 13. The combination with an explosion engine, of a spring, means for placing said spring under stress, means for releasing the compression of the engine, means for causing the spring to start the engine when it has been stressed to a predetermined extent, and means for restoring the compression of the engine after it has beenstarted, substantially as described.

14. .The combination with an explosion engine, of a spring, means for placing said spring under stress and simultaneously opening a relief valve or valves on the engine, me'ans for causing the spring to start the engine after it has been stressed to a predetermined extent, and means for closing said relief valves, substantially as described.

15. The combination with an explosion engine, of a spring, means for placing said spring under stress and simultaneously opening a relief valve or valves on the engine, means for causing the spring to start the engine after it has been stressed to a predetermined extent, and automatic means for closingsaid relief valves, substantially as described.

16. The combination with an explosion en gine, of a spring, means for placing said spring under stress, means for causing the spring to start the engine after it has been stressed to a predetermined extent, with a relief valve or valves, means foropenmg said Valve or valves prior to starting the engine,

and an automatic device, actuated by gases driven from the cylinder by an explosion, for closing said relief valve or valves, substantially as described.

17. The combinationwith an explosion engine and means for starting the same, of a normally closed relief valve or'valves for said engine, means for opening said valve or relief valve'or valves, means whereby said valve or valves maybe opened .at will, and an automatic deyice actuated by products of combustion from the engine cylinder or cylinders capable of closing said valve or valves after the engine is started, substantially as described.

19. The combination with an explosion engine, of a spring, means including an operating lever for placing said spring under stress, means for causing the spring to start the engine after it has been. stressed to a predetermined extent, a relief valve or valves for the engine, mechanism connecting the operating lever with said valve or valves for opening them when said lever is moved to start the engine, and automatically acting means for closing said valves after an explosion has occurred in the cylinder, substantially as described. I 20. The combination-With an explosion ongine, of a starting device for the same, means for actuatlng said startlng devlce, and means for relieving compression in the cylinder or cylinders, the same includinga relief valve or valves having a device constantly tending .to maintain the same in a closed position, a

cup-shaped structure movably supported over the outlet of the valve and capable of actuating said valve to open the same, with means for connecting said actuating structure with the engine starting device, substantially as described.

21. The combination with an explosion enine of a s rin means includin a second sprlng for placmg said first spring under stress, and means for releasing the first spring to permit it to start theengine when it has been stressed to a predetermined extent, substantially as described.

22. The combination with an explosion engine, of a spring, a lever for stretching said spring, a second spring operative on the lever to assist the stretching of said first spring, means for holding one end of the first spring until it has been stressed to a predetermined extent, and a device for releasing said holding means to cause the first spring to start the engine, substantially as described.

. 23. The combination with an explosion ongine, of a spring, means for connecting one end of said spring with the shaft, a lever conneoted to theother end of the spring for operating the same, means for holding that end of the spring Whichis connected tothe engine shaft until said spring has been stressed to a predetermined extent, a second spring, an d a toggle connecting the said second spring to the lever in such manner as to cause it toaid in stretching the first spring, substantially as described.

24. The combination with an explosion engine having its shaft in a lurality of inde pendent sections, of a clutc capable of con necting one of the sections with the main per-- tion of the shaft under'predetermined condi- .-a.ting'lever, a springconnected to assist'in theunwindingiof said cable from said'first 40' pulley and means for connecting said operattions, a pulley on said section,-- an operating lever, means including a flexible cable for connecting said operating lever with the pulley, means for causing Winding of the'cable on the pulley whenthe lever ismoved in one direction, and a spring connected'to be placed under stress when said lever is so moved, substantiallyas described. i

second lever connected .to sai d operating le- War, and a ca'bleco'nnecting said second leverwith-the pulley, the point of attachment ,of said cable to the second lever being farther from the fulcrum thereof than'the point of connection of the first lever thereto, subj-I stantially as described." H

V 26. The combination with an explosion'enf gine having its shaft in a plurality of sections,

of a clutch capable of connecting one section of the shaft with the'other under predetermined conditions, a pulley on said section, a cable capable of being Wound on said pulley, a ide ulley for directing said cable to one si e of t e general line of the shaft, an oper- 1ng lever with the cable.

' 27. The combination of a frame, an eXplo-j sion engine mounted thereon, and'provided with a shaft made in a plurality of sections,

means for connecting one of the sections to another section under predetermined conditions, apulley on said section, a cable capable of being wound on said pulley, a lever ,mounted on the frame and connected to said cable, a guide pulley for directing the cable to said lever, an operating lever and means for connecting said operating lever to the first .lever at a pointnearer the fulcrum thereof than the oint of connection of the cable thereto, su stantiallas described.

28. The combination with an explosion en- 'gine, of starting means therefor including a pulley, an operating lever, means including a cable connecting the pulley and the lever, a spring actin on the pulley and arranged to cause the ca le to be wound thereon, when the lever is moved into a predetermined 'polsltion, with a second spring connected to asfsist in moving the lever. from such position f wh'en the engine is started, substantially as described. 4 p

29. The combination with an explosion on- "gine, ofstarting means therefor including a pulley, anoperatingxlever,ineansincluding a cable connecting t epulley and the lever,

and aspring connected to the lever so as to be stressed when said lever is moved into a position permitting the cable to be wound on the pulley, substantially as described.

30. The combination of an internal coinbustion engine and starting means therefor,

includin a member to which power may be applied or actuating said starting ineans'to give a preliminar'y revolution to the engine, and a spring connected to be placed under stress preparatory to the starting of'the engine, said spring being arranged to, deliver the energy stored in it so as to provide a portion of the power for operating-the actuating mernber'when the engine is to be started} In testimony' whereof, I have signed-my name to. this specification, in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

g HOWARD C'. BA1LEY, Witnesses:

1 ARTHUR J. PURSSELL,

WILLIAM E. BRADLEY 

